What is the primary focus of primary trait scoring in writing assessment?

• A. The overall coherence of the entire document
• B. The use of advanced vocabulary and literary devices
• C. The specific language function or rhetorical trait of writing
• D. The number of writing errors present in the text

Answer: (C)

The primary focus of primary trait scoring in writing assessment is indeed on the specific language function or rhetorical trait of writing. This scoring method evaluates a piece of writing based on one major criterion or trait rather than judging the work holistically or on multiple dimensions. By concentrating on a single aspect—such as the effectiveness of the argument, clarity of expression, or the strength of the narrative voice—primary trait scoring allows educators to provide targeted feedback. This process not only helps to assess the effectiveness of that specific trait but also guides students in identifying areas for improvement in their writing.

In this context, while coherence, vocabulary use, and error count are important in the assessment of writing, primary trait scoring directs attention to one specific element that is being evaluated in a focused manner, thus enabling a clearer understanding of that trait's impact on overall writing quality.